Facts and Figures About Indian States
Table of Contents
Facts and Figures About Indian States
Andhra Pradesh:
Boundaries: On the south by Tamil Nadu, on the west by Telangana and Karnataka, on the north by Odisha and Chhattisgarh and on the east Bay of Bengal.
Area (Approx):1,60,200 sq. km.
Population: 4,93,86,799 (appx)
Sex Ratio: 996 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 67.66%
Major Language: Telugu
Population Density: 308 persons per sq. km.
Decadal Growth Rate: 11.10% (2001-2011)
Important Towns and Cities: Kurnool, Nellore, Visakhapatnam, Tirupati, Guntur, Kakinada, etc.
Arunachal Pradesh:
Arunachal Pradesh is a thinly populated hilly tract on the easternmost part of India. The population of Arunachal Pradesh is predominantly tribal. Near 80% of the population is engaged in agriculture.
Capital: Itanagar
Boundaries: Bhutan to the west, China to the north and north-east, Myanmar to the east and the plains of Assam to the south.
Area (Approx): 83,743 sq. km.
Population: 13,82,611
Population Density: 17 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 920 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 66.95%
Main Rivers: Dihang, Dibang, Lohit, Subansiri, Ramsing, etc.
Major Languages: Monpa, Aka, Apatani, Adi, Wancho, Miji, Mishmi and other tribal dialects.
Important Towns and Cities: Along, Itanagar, Tawang, Tezu and Khonsa.
Decadal Growth Rate : 25.90% (2001-2011). 0 0 0
Assam:
Assam is famous throughout the world for its one-horned rhinoceros. It is a very beautiful state surrounded by hills. Tea is grown here in large quantities and is supplied to other states and also exported to other countries of the world.
Capital: Dispur (Guwahati)
Boundaries: On the west by West Bengal, on the north by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh, on the east by Nagaland, Manipur and Myanmar, on the south by Meghalaya, Bangladesh, Tripura and Mizoram.
Area (Approx): 78,438 sq. km.
Population: 3,11,69,272
Population Density: 397 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 954 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 73.18%
Main Rivers: Brahmaputra, Barak, Sonai, Subansiri, etc.
Major Languages: Assamese.
Important Towns and Cities: Guwahati, Jorhat, Dibrugarh, Sonitpur, Tinsukia, etc.
Decadal Growth Rate : 16.90% (2001-2011). 0 0 0
Bihar:
Capital: Patna
Boundaries: On the east by West Bengal, on the west by Uttar Pradesh, on the south by Jharkhand and on the north by Nepal.
Area (Approx): 94,163 sq. km.
Population: 10,38,04,637
Population Density: 1,102 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 916 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 63.82%
Decadal Growth Rate: 25.07% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Ganga, Kosi, Damodar, Sone, etc.
Major Languages: Hindi, Urdu, Bengali.
Important Towns and Cities: Patna, Darbhanga, Gaya, Samastipur, Muzaffarpur.
N.B. Bodh Gaya, Vaishali, Nalanda, Pawapuri, Sasaram, etc. are the tourist centres of this state. Main crops are paddy, wheat, maize, sugar cane, potato, etc.
Chhattisgarh:
Capital: Raipur
Boundaries: By Andhra Pradesh on the south, Jharkhand and Odisha on the east, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra on the west, Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand on the north.
Area (Approx): 1,36,034 sq. km.
Population: 2,55,40,196
Population Density: 189 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 991 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 71.04%
Decadal Growth Rate: 22.59% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Mahanadi, Inddravati and Godavari.
Major Languages: Hindi
Important Towns and Cities: Raipur, Bilaspur, Durg.
N.B. The state into existence as the 26th state on 1 November 2000. More than 80% of the population depends on agriculture. In mineral deposits also it is very rich.
Goa
Capital: Panaji
Boundaries: On the east and south by Karnataka, on the west by the Arabian Sea, on the north is Terekhol river separating it from Maharashtra.
Area (Approx): 3,702 sq. km.
Population: 14,57,723
Population Density: 394 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 968 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 87.40%
Decadal Growth Rate: 8.17% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Mandivi, Zuari, Terekhol, etc.
Major Languages: Konkani and Marathi.
Important Towns and Cities: Panaji, Margao, etc.
N.B. Goa is a beautiful state. There are many beautiful sites and beaches. It is one of the favourite destinations for tourist. Margao is the main port. It is also rich in deposits of iron ore and manganese.
Gujarat
Capital: Gandhinagar
Boundaries: On the north by Rajasthan, on the north-west by Pakistan, on the east by Madhya Pradesh, on the west by the Arabian Sea and on the south and south-east by Maharashtra.
Area (Approx): 1,96,024 sq. km.
Population: 6,03,83,628
Population Density: 308 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 918 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 79.31%
Decadal Growth Rate: 19.17% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Narmada, Sabarmati, Mahi and Tapti, etc.
Major Languages: Gujarati.
Important Towns and Cities: Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Surat, Vadodara, Jamnagar, Bhuj, Bhavnagar, etc.
N.B. Gujarat is one of the leading industrialized states in India. It is the main producer of groundnut and cotton. Kandla port, on the coast of Gulf of Kuchch, lies in Gujarat only.
Haryana
Capital: Chandigarh
Boundaries: Himachal Pradesh on the north, Rajasthan on the south, Uttar Pradesh on the east and Punjab on the west.
Area (Approx): 44,212 sq. km.
Population: 2,53,53,081
Population Density: 573 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 877 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 76.64%
Decadal Growth Rate: 19.90% (2001-2011)
Major Languages: Hindi.
Important Towns and Cities: Faridabad, Hissar, Gurgaon, Panipat, Rohtak, etc.
N.B. Haryana accounts for fourth-fifths of the country’s total passenger car production, two-thirds of motorcycles and tractors and one-fourth of the total production of cycles and sanitary wares. Panipat is called the ‘Weaver City’ for its handloom products.
Himachal Pradesh
Capital: Shimla
Boundaries: Uttarakhand on the south-east, Haryana on the south, Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Punjab on the west and south-west and Tibet on the east.
Area (Approx): 55,673 sq. km.
Population: 68,56,509
Population Density: 123 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 974 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 83.78%
Decadal Growth Rate: 12.81% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej and Yamuna.
Major Languages: Hindi and Pahari.
Important Towns and Cities: Shimla, Kangra, Kullu, Mandi, Dharmashala.
N. B. Hindi and Pahari are the major languages of Himachal Pradesh. The economy is predominantly agro-pastoral and most of the people here are involved in agriculture. Apple is the most important fruit produced.
Jammu and Kashmir
Capital: Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)
Boundaries: On the east by Tibet, on the south Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Pakistan, on the north China and on the West Pakistan.
Area (Approx): 2,22,236 sq. km.
Population: 1,25,48,926
Population Density: 124 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 883 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 68.74%
Decadal Growth Rate: 23.71% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Chenab, Jhelum, Zanskar, Indus, Suru, Nubra and Shyok.
Major Languages: Kashmiri, Urdu, Dogri and Ladakh.
Important Towns and Cities: Srinagar, Leh, Punch, Anantnag, Baramula, Udhampur, Doda.
N.B. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy of Jammu and Kashmir. Its handicrafts sector also provides employment to many people. Kashmir is considered the paradise for tourists both international and domestic.
Jharkhand
Capital: Ranchi
Boundaries: Bihar on the north, West Bengal on the east, Madhya Pradesh on the west and Odisha on the south.
Area (Approx): 79,714 sq. km.
Population: 3,29,66,238
Population Density: 414 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 947 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 67.63%
Decadal Growth Rate: 22.34% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Sankh, Damodar, Subarnarekha, etc.
Major Languages: Hindi
Important Towns and Cities: Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Daltenganj, Bokaro, Dhanbad, Hazaribagh, Giridih.
N.B. Jharkhand is known as the ‘Storehouse of Minerals’ because 37.5% of the country’s coal resources, 40% of its copper, 22% of its iron ore, 90% of its mica and huge deposit of bauxite, quartz and ceramics are here.
Karnataka
Capital: Bengaluru
Boundaries: On the north by Goa and Maharashtra, on the east by Andhra Pradesh, on the south by Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Area (Approx): 1,91,791 sq. km.
Population: 6,11,30,704
Population Density: 319 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 968 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 75.60%
Decadal Growth Rate: 15.67% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Krishna, Tungabhadra and Kaveri.
Major Languages: Kannada.
Important Towns and Cities: Bengaluru, Belgaum, Gulbarga, Mysore, Kolar, Bidar, etc.
N.B. Karnataka stands first in the production of electronics equipment and raw silk. Its famous IT destination is Bengaluru. It is also famous for its sandals soap and sandalwood oil.
Kerala
Capital: Thiruvanthapuram
Boundaries: In between the high Western Ghats on the east and the Arabian Sea on the west, the width of the state varies from 35 km. to 120 km.
Area (Approx): 38,863 sq. km.
Population: 3,33,87,677
Population Density: 859 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 1,084 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 93.91%
Decadal Growth Rate: 4.86% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Periyar, Pamba and Manimala.
Major Languages: Malayalam
Important Towns and Cities: Ernakulam, Kozhikode, Thrissur, Kannur, Kochi, Kollam, etc.
N.B. Kerala is very rich in cash crops especially spices. It is a major producer of coconut, rubber, pepper, cardamom, ginger, cocoa, cashew, areca nut, coffee and tea. The famous festival of Kerala is Onam.
Madhya Pradesh
Capital: Bhopal
Boundaries: Chhattisgarh on the east, Rajasthan and Gujarat on the west, Uttar Pradesh on the north and Maharashtra on the south.
Area (Approx): 3,08,144 sq. km.
Population: 7,25,97,565
Population Density: 236 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 930 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 70.63%
Decadal Growth Rate: 20.30% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Chambal, Betwa, Tapi, Narmada, Son, etc.
Major Languages: Hindi
Important Towns and Cities: Bhopal, Gwalior, Shivpuri, Indore, Jabalpur and Ujjain.
N.B. Madhya Pradesh is the largest state in the country. It is the first state in the country producing optical fibre for telecommunication. It is primarily an agricultural state.
Maharashtra
Capital: Mumbai
Boundaries: The Arabian Sea on the west, Gujarat on the north-west, Madhya Pradesh on the north and east, Andhra Pradesh on the south-east and Karnataka and Goa on the south.
Area (Approx): 3,07,713 sq. km.
Population: 11,23,72,972
Population Density: 365 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 925 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 82.99%
Decadal Growth Rate: 15.99% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Godavari, Penganga, Dudhana, Bhima, Varna.
Major Languages: Marathi
Important Towns and Cities: Mumbai, Ahmednagar, Aurangabad, Jalgaon, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Nashik, Pune, Thane, etc.
N.B. Maharashtra is the industrial powerhouse of India. Mumbai is one of the major ports of Maharashtra.
Manipur
Capital: Imphal
Boundaries: Nagaland on the north, Mizoram on the south and south-west, Myanmar in the east and Cachar district of Assam on the west.
Area (Approx): 22,327 sq. km.
Population: 27,21,756
Population Density: 122 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 987 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 79.85%
Decadal Growth Rate: 18.65% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Thoubal, Iril, Imphal, etc.
Major Languages: Manipuri
Important Towns and Cities: Imphal, Thoubal, Bishnupur, Chandel, Senapati, etc.
N.B. Manipur is known for its biodiversity having a number of rare plants, trees and wildlife sanctuaries. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood for the people.
Meghalaya
Capital: Shillong
Boundaries: On the north and east by Assam, on the south and west by Bangladesh.
Area (Approx): 22,429 sq. km.
Population: 29,67,007
Population Density: 132 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 986 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 75.48%
Decadal Growth Rate: 27.82% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Simang, Krishnai, etc.
Major Languages: Garo, Khasi and English.
Important Towns and Cities: Shillong, Williamnagar, Tura, Nongstoin and Jowai.
N. B. Meghalaya is a beautiful hill station with the capital Shillong. More than 70% of the area is covered with forests. Its cash crops are ginger and fruits.
Mizoram
Capital: Aizwal
Boundaries: Assam and Manipur on the north, Myanmar on the east and south, Bangladesh and Tripura on the west.
Area (Approx): 21,087 sq. km.
Population: 10,91,014
Population Density: 52 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 975 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 91.58%
Decadal Growth Rate: 22.78% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Dhaleswari, Sonai.
Major Languages: Mizo and English.
Important Towns and Cities: Aizwal, Mamit, Champhai and Lawngtlai, etc.
N.B. Most of the state is covered with forest. Jhum or shifting cultivation still prevalent in Mizoram. Main occupation is agriculture. Its cash crop is sugar cane and fruits and food crops is maize.
Nagaland
Capital: Kohima
Boundaries: On the east by Myanmar, on the south by Manipur, on the west and north by Assam and on the north-east by Arunachal Pradesh.
Area (Approx): 16,579 sq. km.
Population: 19,80,602
Population Density: 119 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 931 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 80.11%
Decadal Growth Rate: -0.47% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Dhansiri, Doyang, Dikhu.
Major Languages: English and Nagamese.
Important Towns and Cities: Dimapur, Mon, Tuensang, Kohima, Wokha, etc.
N.B. In Nagaland, more than 90% of the total population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Its important cash crops are jute and oilseeds.
Odisha
Capital: Bhubaneswar
Boundaries: Jharkhand on the north, Andhra Pradesh on the south-west, Chhattisgarh on the west and Bay of Bengal on the east.
Area (Approx): 1,55,707 sq. km.
Population: 4,19,47,358
Population Density: 269 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 978 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 73.45%
Decadal Growth Rate: 13.97% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Mahanadi, Brahmani, Baitarani, Sabrari, Tel, etc.
Major Languages: Odia
Important Towns and Cities: Puri, Bhubaneswar, Baleswar, Cuttack, Phulbari, Sambalpur.
N.B. Odisha is famous for its world’s longest dam, Hirakud on Mahanadi. One of the major ports of Odisha is Paradwip. It has an agriculture-based economy and rice is the main crop.
Punjab
Capital: Chandigarh
Boundaries: On the west by Pakistan, On the north by Jammu and Kashmir, on the northeast by Himachal Pradesh and on the south by Haryana and Rajasthan.
Area (Approx): 50,362 sq. km.
Population: 2,77,04,236
Population Density: 550 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 893 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 76.68%
Decadal Growth Rate: 13.73% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Indus, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej and Ghaggar.
Major Languages: Punjabi
Important Towns and Cities: Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Jalandar, Ludhiana, Patiala, Ambala, Bathinda.
N.B. The mainstay of Punjab’s economy is agriculture. Bhakra Dam on Sutlej is the highest dam of India. In Punjab per hectare yield is maximum.
Rajasthan
Capital: Jaipur
Boundaries: Pakistan on the west and north-west, Punjab on north, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on the east and north-east, Madhya Pradesh on the south and south-east, Gujarat on the south-west.
Area (Approx): 3,42,240 sq. km.
Population: 6,86,21,012
Population Density: 201 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 926 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 67.06%
Decadal Growth Rate: 21.44% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Luni, Banas, Chambal, Kali Sindh.
Major Languages: Hindi and Rajasthani.
Important Towns and Cities: Jaipur, Bikaner, Udaipur, Nagaur, Jodhpur, Sikar and Ajmer.
N.B. Rajasthan is an agricultural state. Zinc, silver, lead, and salt are found here.
Sikkim
Capital: Gangtok
Boundaries: On the west by Nepal, on the north by Tibet, on the east by Bhutan and on the south by West Bengal.
Area (Approx): 7,096 sq. km.
Population: 6,07,688
Population Density: 86 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 889 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 82.20%
Decadal Growth Rate: 12.36% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Teesta, Rajeet, etc.
Major Languages: Lepcha, Bhutia, Hindi, Nepali and Limbu.
Important Towns and Cities: Gangtok, Lachen, Namchi, Gyalshing, etc.
N.B. It is the 22nd state of the Indian Union. It is strategically important for India. On 26th April 1975, it joined the Indian Union.
Tamil Nadu
Capital: Chennai
Boundaries: On the east by the Bay of Bengal, on the south by the Indian Ocean, on the west by Kerala and Karnataka, on the north by Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
Area (Approx): 1,30,058 sq. km.
Population: 7,21,38,958
Population Density: 555 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 995 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 80.33%
Decadal Growth Rate: 15.60% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Palar, Cheyar, Ponnaiyar, Kaveri, Vaigai, Meyar.
Major Languages: Tamil
Important Towns and Cities: Chennai, Coimbatore, Erode, Kancheepuram, Madurai, Salem, Vellore.
N.B. Cotton textiles, chemical fertilizers, paper, diesel engines, cement, sugar, iron and steel, railway wagons and coaches etc. are the major industries in Tamil Nadu. Its cash crops are sugar cane, coconut, groundnut, sunflower, coffee, tea, rubber, and cashew. Its food crops are rice, jowar, ragi, bajra, maize and pulses.
Telangana
Established: 2 June, 2014
Capital: Hyderabad
Area (Approx): 1,14,840 sq. km.
Population: 3,52,86,757 (approx)
Literacy Rate: 66.05% (approx).
Major Languages: Telugu and Urdu.
Largest City: Hyderabad
Districts: 10
N.B. Telangana was formed on 2nd June 2014. It is the 29th State of India.
Tripura
Capital: Agartala
Boundaries: Bangladesh on all sides except on the northeast by Assam and Mizoram.
Area (Approx): 10,492.69 sq. km.
Population: 36,71,032
Population Density: 350 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 961 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 87.75%
Decadal Growth Rate: 27.82% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Deo and Kunti.
Major Languages: Bengali and Kokborak.
Important Towns and Cities: Agartala, Kamarghat, Khowai, Kailasahar, Udaipur, etc.
N.B. The cultivation is very common in Tripura. Handicrafts and the cottage industry are also shaping up well. It cash crops are tea and jute and its food crops are wheat and oil seeds.
Uttarakhand
Capital: Dehradun
Boundaries: Uttar Pradesh on the south, Nepal on the east, Himachal Pradesh on the west and China on the northeast.
Area (Approx): 53,484 sq. km.
Population: 1,01,16,752
Population Density: 189 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 963 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 79.63%
Decadal Growth Rate: 19.17% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Yamuna, Bhagirathi, Kali, Ramganga, etc.
Major Languages: Hindi, Garhwali and Kumaoni.
Important Towns and Cities: Haridwar, Nainital, etc.
N.B. Uttarakhand has tremendous potential for hydel power. Its biggest project is the Tehri Dam project on the Bhairathi river. Gangotri, Yamunotri, Badrinath, Kedarnath, Haridwar, Rishikesh, etc. are the various tourist pilgrimage of Uttarakhand state. 90% of the population depends on agriculture.
Uttar Pradesh
Capital: Lucknow
Boundaries: Uttarakhand and Nepal in the north, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in the south, Rajasthan, Haryana and Delhi in the west and Bihar and Jharkhand in the east.
Area (Approx): 2,40,928 sq. km.
Population: 19,95,81,477
Population Density: 828 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 908 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 69.72%
Decadal Growth Rate: 20.09% (2001-2011)
Main Rivers: Yamuna, Ganga, Gomti, Ghaghara and Betwa
Major Languages: Hindi and Urdu.
Important Towns and Cities: Lucknow, Agra, Allahabad, Bareilly, Ghaziabad, Gorakhpur, Jaunpur, Kanpur, Meerut and Varanasi.
N.B. Uttar Pradesh is one of the largest producers of food grains, sugar cane and oil seeds. Small-scale and cottage industries are spread throughout the state.
West Bengal
Capital: Kolkata
Boundaries: On the north by Sikkim and Bhutan, on the east by Assam and Bangladesh, on the south by the Bay of Bengal and on the west Odisha, Bihar and Nepal.
Area (Approx): 88,752 sq. km.
Population: 9,13,47,736
Population Density: 1,029 persons per sq. km.
Sex Ratio: 947 females per thousand males.
Literacy Rate: 77.08%
Decadal Growth Rate: 13.93% (2001-2011)
Important Towns and Cities: Kolkata, Kharagpur, Medinipur, Howrah, Siliguri, Bardhaman, Chinsurah, Darjeeling and Berhampore.
N.B. Kolkata-Haldia is the major port in West Bengal. Tea and jute industry are very famous. Apart from these, small-scale and cottage industries are also spread. It is the largest producer of rice in the country. 0 0 0
Facts and Figures About Indian States
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